Article Gold Open Access 2025

The development of a project-based, technology-enhanced science module to promote social interaction for preschool children through blended learning

Journal of Turkish Science Education
Journal · Vol. 22 · Issue 1 · pp. 173-197
Abstract

Early science learning has the potential to enhance children's social interaction development, but a lack of resources in schools requires well-structured activities and a supportive learning environment. In a project aimed at helping children develop an interest in science education from an early age, this describes a Project-Based, Technology-Enhanced Science Module (PTBLM) for preschool children, fostering their interest in science through collaborative activities. This study employs a multi-method design, utilising the ADDIE module based on five phases. In the first phase, the needs analysis phase, nine experienced early childhood education educators were interviewed, and thematic analysis revealed the necessity of developing a science learning module for preschool children. During the second and third phases, the design and development phases, the module content was validated by six different experts, with the Content Validity Index (CVI) indicating unanimous agreement on the module’s design and development (k = 1). In the fourth phase, the implementation phase, an 8-week intervention was conducted with 25 preschool children, and the mean scores showed a significant increase, with post-test scores being higher (m = 66.0) than pre-test scores (m = 33.00). In the final evaluation phase, an educator was interviewed, and content analysis indicated that the learning module was highly positive in enhancing children's social interaction development through engaging science projects. In summary, this learning module provides educators with more opportunities and resources to enhance science education in preschool, thereby expanding children's exposure to the world of science. © 2025, Firtina Academy. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Author Keywords

Project-Based Learning science education Learning module preschool

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Faculty of Humanities, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
Faculty of Human Development, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
Funding & Acknowledgements
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
This study was conducted collaboratively between University of Technology Malaysia, Sultan Idris Education University, University of Cape Town, and preschools under the administration of the Ministry of Education Malaysia. We would also like to express our deepest appreciation to the ones that participated in this study for their invaluable participation and support throughout the research process. Furthermore, we acknowledge the financial support provided by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of Ministry of Education, Malaysia Project Number: 2022-0066-107-02. We are grateful for the funding that enabled us to pursue this important study.
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM
This study was conducted collaboratively between University of Technology Malaysia, Sultan Idris Education University, University of Cape Town, and preschools under the administration of the Ministry of Education Malaysia. We would also like to express our deepest appreciation to the ones that participated in this study for their invaluable participation and support throughout the research process. Furthermore, we acknowledge the financial support provided by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of Ministry of Education, Malaysia Project Number: 2022-0066-107-02. We are grateful for the funding that enabled us to pursue this important study.
Universityof CapeTown, UCT
This study was conducted collaboratively between University of Technology Malaysia, Sultan Idris Education University, University of Cape Town, and preschools under the administration of the Ministry of Education Malaysia. We would also like to express our deepest appreciation to the ones that participated in this study for their invaluable participation and support throughout the research process. Furthermore, we acknowledge the financial support provided by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of Ministry of Education, Malaysia Project Number: 2022-0066-107-02. We are grateful for the funding that enabled us to pursue this important study.
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, MOHE
Grant: 2022-0066-107-02
This study was conducted collaboratively between University of Technology Malaysia, Sultan Idris Education University, University of Cape Town, and preschools under the administration of the Ministry of Education Malaysia. We would also like to express our deepest appreciation to the ones that participated in this study for their invaluable participation and support throughout the research process. Furthermore, we acknowledge the financial support provided by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of Ministry of Education, Malaysia Project Number: 2022-0066-107-02. We are grateful for the funding that enabled us to pursue this important study.
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