Vocational teacher education is explored and distinguished from other forms of teacher education. The many varieties of vocational education, ranging from state controlled to market oriented, are deeply intertwined with national traditions and culture. Different admission requirements and a complex steering system set it apart from conventional teacher education because of its origin in a work context, whereas subject-specialist teaching emerges from a scientific knowledge area. This factor, which affects learning material and place of training, requires vocational teacher education to be multidisciplinary, activity- and problem-oriented, while posing unique challenges in grading and quality control. A hidden work-cultural transfer also occurs. Two trends are indicated: an increasing academization and a resurgence of the apprenticeship model. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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