Review 2004

The specification of learning outcomes in dentistry

British Dental Journal
Journal · Vol. 196 · Issue 5 · pp. 289-294
Abstract

Increasing emphasis is being placed in dentistry, as in other areas, on outcome-based education and on the specification of learning outcomes. This paper describes the adaptation for dentistry of the medical three circle model as described by Harden to specify learning outcomes. The model offers an effective and user-friendly format based on the three dimensions of the work of a dentist. What the dentist is able to do ('doing the right thing'), how the dentist approaches their practice ('doing the thing right'), and the dentist as a professional ('the right person doing it'). The model also facilitates curriculum and examination planning, reconciles tensions between vocational and academic education and is readily understood and accepted by students and teachers.

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Index Keywords

learning human curriculum physician review health service clinical practice patient care teacher anamnesis medical personnel dentistry Adaptation health promotion clinical examination orthodontics dental education dentist medical ethics treatment planning cancer screening dental surgery anesthesia oral surgery embryology mouth cancer tooth occlusion
Author Affiliations
Department of Orthodontics, NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom, Department of Orthodontics, NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom
Centre for Medical Education, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom, Scottish Cncl. Postgrad. Med. D., Dundee, United Kingdom
Funding & Acknowledgements
London and South East Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education, LPMDE
The authors acknowledge the support of the Scottish Council for Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education in funding this study. They are also grateful to the other members of the project steering group and to all those Educational Supervisors and SHOs who contributed their invaluable comments and feedback throughout the consultation exercise.
References 10 References
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4 Prescott, L. E., The development of an assessment system for dental vocational training and general professional training: A Scottish approach, British Dental Journal, 190, 1, pp. 41-44, (2001)
5 Chambers, David William, Manual for developing and formatting competency statements., Journal of dental education, 58, 5, pp. 361-366, (1994)
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7 Harden, Ronald Mc G., Learning outcomes and instructional objectives: Is there a difference?, Medical Teacher, 24, 2, pp. 151-155, (2002)
8 Outcome Based Education Part 5 from Competency to Meta Competency A Model for the Specification of Learning Outcomes
9 Simpson, John G., The Scottish doctor - Learning outcomes for the medical undergraduate in Scotland: A foundation for competent and reflective practitioners, Medical Teacher, 24, 2, pp. 136-143, (2002)
10 Wojtczak, Andrzej, Global minimum essential requirements in medical education, Medical Teacher, 24, 2, pp. 130-135, (2002)
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