Article Gold Open Access 2025

Optimism trap? Educational aspirations and outcomes among students with immigrant backgrounds in Norway and Spain

Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research
Journal · Vol. 69 · Issue 2 · pp. 238-253
Abstract

While immigrants and their children display bold educational aspirations, less is known about the relationship between their aspirations and educational outcomes. Using longitudinal survey data on students in upper secondary education in Barcelona, Spain, and Bergen, Norway, coupled with register data from Norway, we ask how the aspirations of students with immigrant backgrounds are connected to their educational outcomes, and in what way this differs between the cities. We find that, compared with their native peers, youth with immigrant backgrounds in Bergen have higher aspirations and those in Barcelona have somewhat lower aspirations. There is a higher mismatch between educational aspirations and outcomes for youth with immigrant backgrounds in both contexts. We argue that such empirical investigations are important, to avoid portraying immigrant aspirations as either a springboard to future success or as a ‘trap’, but rather as a part of pragmatic considerations and adjustments in varying contexts. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords

Author Keywords

educational outcomes Spain educational aspirations immigrant inequality Norway

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education, Oslo, Norway
Centre for the Study of Professions, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
Funding & Acknowledgements
Norges Forskningsråd
Grant: 315389
This work was supported by Norges Forskningsr\u00E5d [grant number: 315389]. The authors thank the involved teachers and students for their participation and patience.
Norges Forskningsråd
This work was supported by Norges Forskningsr\u00E5d [grant number: 315389]. The authors thank the involved teachers and students for their participation and patience.
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