Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the landscape of technical skills training worldwide. This narrative review sums up recent scholarly research to examine how AI is used into vocational and industrial training contexts, the opportunities it affords for personalized and adaptive learning, and the challenges it poses in practice. Our work outlines the state-of-the-art applications of AI aligned with 'Industry 4.0' needs, and narrates thematic areas including personalization, curriculum innovation, practical skills training, teacher competency development, administrative uses, and global perspectives. Findings reveal that AI technologies are enabling more flexible, inclusive, and industry-responsive vocational learning experiences, while also raising important issues around data privacy, bias, teacher readiness, and equity. The discussion provides a critical analysis of these developments and offers insights into policy implications and future research directions. We conclude that AI holds significant promise for enhancing vocational and industrial education, provided that stakeholders address implementation barriers and ethical concerns to harness AI's potential for improving workforce development and lifelong learning. © 2025 IEEE.
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