This paper explores the scope of industrial training in school education in India. Industrial training learning combines academic learning with practical work experience, providing students with relevant skills and knowledge applicable to real-world scenarios. Vocational training has been envisioned in India's school education system. Indian education system faces several challenges, which include a lack of understanding about work-integrated learning, rigid traditional education structures, a gap between the skills taught in schools and those demanded by the industry, insufficient infrastructure, a shortage of well-trained teachers, and the digital divide. The consequences of these challenges to incorporating industry training are significant and are increasingly recognized as crucial in equipping students with essential skills for industry. Doubtless, considerable progress has been made in recent years, driven by government initiatives, policy reforms, and stakeholder collaboration. The New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes holistic development, skill enhancement, and flexible learning approaches. The Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan focuses on improving infrastructure and teacher training. However, a multi-faceted approach must be adopted to improve the quality and inclusivity of schooling. This includes strengthening teacher training programs, reforming assessment methods, bridging the digital divide, promoting inclusive practices, and integrating vocational education and skill development programs into the school curriculum to link education to industry requirements and enhance students’ employability prospects. Collaboration between stakeholders and the effective implementation of policies is crucial for realizing the vision of an equitable and inclusive education system in India that successfully integrates work-based learning. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
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