Article 2025

A project-based continuous instructional model and its application based on LCA

GX
Gong, Xiaoqiang
 WY
Wan, Yang
 YW
Yu, Wenjing
 LL
Li, Linlin
 TH
Tong, Haiyan
 CX
Chang, Xueqin
International Journal of Management Education
Journal · Vol. 23 · Issue 3 · Art. 101213
Abstract

This paper analyses the impact of the Project-based Continuous Instructional Planning (PCIP) method on the key and professional competencies of university students, with consideration of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). PCIP is an innovative teaching method that incorporates blended learning strategies into the four-year university curriculum for majors. It integrates Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), Project-Based Learning (PBL), Competition-Based Learning (CBL) and collaborative teaching and learning. Projects are integrated throughout the four-year curriculum to enhance knowledge acquisition and develop key competencies. PCIP aims to develop sustainable learning competencies such as teamwork, active learning, critical thinking and problem identification and solving. It creates a dynamic closed loop that promotes continuous innovation, from identifying needs to realising value, and lays the foundation for students' future development. Also, PCIP promotes responsible management (RM) and sustainable development, helping students develop managerial competence for ethics, responsibility, and sustainability (ERS). The study was conducted with a sample of 285 E-commerce students and statistical regression analyses confirmed that PCIP effectively enhances critical and professional competencies and that higher-achieving students benefit more. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

Author Keywords

Higher education blended learning continuous learning Instructional planning LCA

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Bozhou University, Bozhou, Anhui, China
School of Construction Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Funding & Acknowledgements
Grant: 2024AH051304
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Bozhou University, BZU
Grant: 2023XJXM049, 2024XJXM072
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Bozhou University, BZU
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Grant: 2023icJS162
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Grant: 2023xjzlts083
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Shenzhen Polytechnic, SZPT
Grant: 7024310310
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
Shenzhen Polytechnic, SZPT
Funding text 1: This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University ( 7024310310 ), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).; Funding text 2: BL, including PCIP, provides a 'fast and effective feedback system' between teachers and learners, bridges the gap between different learner groups in Chinese higher education (Ashraf et al., 2022), and is well - accepted by teachers and students (Zhou & Li, 2018). PCIP requires students to plan their learning in long - term projects, demanding strong time management skills. While students with self - regulation skills adapt well to IBL (Carter Jr et al., 2020), those without can be supported by PBL teamwork mechanisms (Hutchinson & Gul, 1997; Wolf, 2023), and CBL can incentivize team integration (Fason, 2022). The combination of these models, along with collaborative teaching, enhances the learning experience, satisfaction, and includes all students, while also promoting critical and creative thinking (Yao et al., 2024).This study was supported by Anhui Province University Science Research Project 'Research on the Impact of Indoor Air Pollutant Concentration on Learning Efficiency Based on Deep Learning '(2024AH051304), 2024 Quality Engineering Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University (7024310310), Bozhou University General Teaching and Research Project 'Research on Digital Empowerment Course Teaching Mode under RCEP Background - Taking Cross border E-commerce as an Example'(2023XJXM049), Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform: Current Status, Implementation Challenges, and Optimisation Strategies of Student Value added Evaluation (2024XJXM072), Anhui Provincial Textbook Construction Project: Principles of E-commerce (2023icJS162), Anhui Province New Professional Quality Improvement Project: E-commerce New Professional Quality Improvement Project (2023xjzlts083).
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