The chapter focuses on the main patterns of social development, causing the modernization of existing educational standards for training modern specialists. The authors analyze multiple paradigms existing in different educational systems in the context of the ongoing globalization and social transition to digitalization. The chapter reviews the development of educational standards and concepts in their retrospect over the past 30 years. The authors describe the features and tasks of Russian higher education in the transition from one generation of standards to another under the influence of the fourth industrial revolution. Nowadays, the chapter argues, one of the strategic goals of modern education is the formation of subject and metacognition knowledge. The authors emphasize that educational tasks related to the creation of critical activities for the digital society and their corresponding digital competencies do not lose their particular relevance. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
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