Review Gold Open Access 2023

The relationship between school climate and students' non-cognitive skills: A systematic literature review

Heliyon
Journal · Vol. 9 · Issue 4 · Art. e14773
Abstract

The school climate plays a substantial part in student development. A positive and nurturing school climate encourages the growth of all-rounders and holistic individuals. Past literature has highlighted several domains related to the school climate, including academic performance, well-being, student engagement, attendance in school, delinquent behaviors, bullying, and school safety. However, little is known about the development of other related domains, like non-cognitive skills, in school. The purpose of the study is to review the linkages of school climate with the development of students' non-cognitive skills. The current study employs a systematic literature review that adheres to PRISMA to determine the association between school climate and students' non-cognitive skills. First, this study conducted three stages of rigorous and systematic searching: identification, screening, and eligibility. As a result of the search, this study identified 65 relevant articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect as the leading databases and Google Scholar and Dimension. ai as supporting databases. Next, the current study highlights five clusters based on the analysis of network visualization by the VOSviewer software. These clusters are: the non-cognitive skills' intrapersonal and interpersonal key characteristics, a nurturing school climate and the presence of non-cognitive skills mitigate deviant behaviour in school settings, the non-cognitive skills as a predictor of academic outcomes, the multifaceted antecedents of school climate in promoting the development of student non-cognitive skills, the role of school domains and non-cognitive attributes towards students' cognitive development. This systematic literature review contributes a novel framework and an in-depth understanding of the relationship between school climate and students' non-cognitive skills. The current research serves as a starting point for future researchers to delve deeper into this subject matter to provide educational organisations with valuable guidance when navigating for better educational outcomes. In addition, the current review will shed light on the school climate and students' non-cognitive skills to further examine what has already been learnt and the missing links, contributing to the body of knowledge on this topic. © 2023

Keywords

Author Keywords

Systematic literature review student VOSviewer non-cognitive skills School climate

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Faculty of Education, Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
Funding & Acknowledgements
No funding information
References 10 References
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4 Improving School Climate and Culture, (1994)
5 Educational Administration Theory Research and Practice, (2001)
6 Cohen, Jonathan, School climate: Research, policy, practice, and teacher education, Teachers College Record, 111, 1, pp. 180-213, (2009)
7 Maxwell, Sophie, The impact of school climate and school identification on academic achievement: Multilevel modeling with student and teacher data, Frontiers in Psychology, 8, DEC, (2017)
8 Aldridge, Jill M., Students’ perceptions of school climate as determinants of wellbeing, resilience and identity, Improving Schools, 19, 1, pp. 5-26, (2016)
9 Nichols, Malachi, Can I choose to have grit? Non-cognitive skills, behavior, and school choice, Journal of School Choice, 11, 4, pp. 622-641, (2017)
10 Hamlin, Daniel E., Can a Positive School Climate Promote Student Attendance? Evidence From New York City, American Educational Research Journal, 58, 2, pp. 315-342, (2021)
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