Context: the teaching of experimental sciences has evolved to meet the demands of a changing professional environment, integrating innovative competency-based approaches in fields such as health sciences. Objective: to analyze the implementation of innovative teaching strategies in health sciences and evaluate their ability to develop technical, practical, and transversal competencies in students. Method: a scoping review was conducted using the Scopus database, focusing on academic publications from 2018 to 2022. Studies on educational innovation were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, identifying strategies, their impact on learning, and gaps in the literature. Results: the study found that methodologies such as problem-based learning, teamwork, and educational technologies are effective in fostering competencies like analytical thinking, communication, and collaboration. However, challenges remain, including teacher training, technological infrastructure, and the evaluation of transversal competencies. Conclusion: the integration of innovative methodologies in experimental sciences requires a holistic approach that addresses both technical and social aspects of learning, providing comprehensive and adaptable training to meet current needs. © 2023; Los autores.
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