Supervision in the general practice (GP) setting is work-based education. This chapter draws on three social theories of work-based education to provide a focus for exploring the tasks of GP supervised practice. Based on this, we consider the roles and needs of the trainee, the supervisor, and the training practice. We also consider how training organizations that oversee the whole of GP training delivery might support the GP supervisor. We view the trainee as on a trajectory towards becoming a fully credentialed clinician with the associated responsibilities. This requires a change over time in the way that the trainee is identified and identifies themselves. The way that the trainee engages with the work-based training environment is crucial for how this happens. We view the supervisor as a key facilitator for enabling the trainee to effectively and safely engage with the training practice working community and its work. The supervisor also has an important role in scaffolding the trainee’s development. The attitude of the supervisor and the nature of the supervisory relationship are key for these activities. The culture of the training practice and the way that the training practice engages with the trainee also matter. Functioning well, training practices can benefit from the trainee as both a contributor to the work and as a resource for keeping the training practice up to date. Finally, the support provided to supervisors by the broader training organization is a significant determinant for the way the supervisor engages with their supervisory role. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
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