Article Gold Open Access 2021

Long-term NEET among young adults with experience of out-of-home care: A comparative study of three Nordic countries

BM
Berlin, Marie
 KA
Kaä¨riälä, Antti
 LM
Lausten, Mette
 AG
Andersson, Gunnar
 BL
Brännström, Lars
International Journal of Social Welfare
Journal · Vol. 30 · Issue 3 · pp. 266-279
Abstract

Previous research suggests that young adults from out-of-home care (OHC) are at high risk of low education and unemployment. However, there are no studies on their risk of long-term NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training). This study compared the risk of NEET at age 21–23 among OHC youth across Denmark, Finland and Sweden, using register data for an entire birth cohort born in 1987. The Nordic countries share many features, but there are differences in the provision of after-care support and in the linkage between the educational system and the labour market. The results show that about a fourth in Denmark and Sweden and a third in Finland were NEET, suggesting that the welfare systems were not able to compensate for the OHC youth’s childhood disadvantages. To a significant extent, the excess risk of NEET was attributed to poor school performance. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed. © 2020 The Authors. International Journal of Social Welfare published by Akademikerförbundet SSR (ASSR) and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Keywords

Author Keywords

employment education NEET School-to-work transition Comparative study Nordic countries child welfare out-of-home care

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations
Department of Sociology, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
Social Policy Research Unit, Terveyden ja Hyvinvoinnin Laitos, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland, Faculty of Social Sciences, Helsingin Yliopisto, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
Department of Children and Education, VIVE – The Danish Center of Social Science Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Social Work, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
Funding & Acknowledgements
Grant: 308556
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Grant: 320162
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Jenny ja Antti Wihurin Rahasto
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Vetenskapsrådet, VR
Grant: 340‐2013‐5164
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Vetenskapsrådet, VR
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd, FORTE
Grant: 2018‐01657
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd, FORTE
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
Otto A. Malm Lahjoitusrahasto
Funding text 1: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018‐01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340‐2013‐5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE – the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland‐funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).; Funding text 2: We are grateful for financial support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte), grant 2018-01657, and the Swedish Research Council through its Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social and Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), grant 340-2013-5164. This study was also supported by the Otto A. Malm Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, and VIVE ? the Danish Center for Social Science Research. In addition, the work has benefited from the Academy of Finland-funded PSYCOHORTS (grant number 308556) and INVEST consortia (grant number 320162).
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