Cross-national differences in social background effects on educational attainment and achievement: absolute vs. relative inequalities and the role of education systems

Abstract

We use PIAAC data to study the relationship between parental education and educational success among adults from 23 advanced economies. We consider educational success in terms of both educational attainment (formal qualifications) and educational achievement (competencies) and in both absolute and relative terms (i.e. as the individual’s rank in the distribution of educational success). Parental education effects are stronger for educational attainment than for achievement in all countries. Cross-national variation in the strength of social background effects follows broadly similar patterns for the different ways of measuring success, but a few countries combine relatively strong achievement with relatively weak attainment effects and vice versa. Tracking in secondary education is associated with stronger background effects for educational attainment but not for achievement. Greater prevalence of formal (non-formal) AET is associated with stronger (weaker) background effects for both attainment and achievement, while vocational orientation of upper secondary education does not matter much. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords

Author Keywords

Competencies PIAAC tracking Educational attainment secondary education systems

Index Keywords

Author Affiliations

Health and Social Inequality Research Group, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin fur Sozialforschung, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Research Unit Skill Formation and Labor Markets, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin fur Sozialforschung, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Department of Sociology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

Funding & Acknowledgements

No funding information

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Cross-national differences in social background effects on educational attainment and achievement: absolute vs. relative inequalities and the role of education systems

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