Scopus-Based Academic Index

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Showing 10 of 2769 results

Secondary individual prevention of hand dermatitis in geriatric nurses

Article
Background: The incidence of occupational skin disease (OSD) in geriatric nurses (GNs) is increasing in Germany. Objectives: A prospective controlled study of secondary individual prevention (SIP) of OSD in GNs was conducted. Methods: Two hundred and nine participants completed questionnaires prior to the start of the program and 3 months after its conclusion. One hundred and two GNs participated in an interventional program (intervention group, IG). Severity of OSD was classified upon each visit. Δ-TEWL values were measured at regular intervals. Findings were compared with those for 107 control group (CG) participants consulting a dermatologist on demand. SIP was not offered to CG participants. Results: Upon entry, 89% of IG and 90% CG complained of OSD (NS). Dermatologic examination revealed skin changes in 90% of IG at first consultation. Upon study completion, 59% of IG was free of OSD. Questionnaires 3 months after study completion revealed skin lesions in 53% of IG and 82% of CG (p < 0.01). Δ-TEWL measurements reflected significant improvement of the epidermal barrier during SIP in IG (median 6.9-3.0 g/m2/h, p < 0.001). Three months after study completion, 96% of IG and 86% of CG were still employed. Conclusions: Objective dermatologic and skin physiologic data reveal that SIP in GNs is effective in the secondary prevention of OSD. Further, IG was superior to CG in terms of health maintenance and employment. © Springer-Verlag 2005.
Background: The incidence of occupational skin disease (OSD) in geriatric nurses (GNs) is increasing in Germany. Objectives: A prospective controlled study of secondary individual prevention (SIP) of OSD in GNs was conducted. Methods: Two hundred and nine participants completed questionnaires prior …

Unemployment benefits, unemployment duration and subsequent job quality: Evidence from West Germany

Article
The high unemployment figures in many European countries are often attributed to overgenerous unemployment benefits. However, proponents of benefit cuts tend not to recognize that unemployment benefits also facilitate longer job searches and, as a result, ultimately improve job matches. In this article, we investigate the effects of unemployment benefits on subsequent job quality by differentiating between transitions from unemployment to correctly allocated jobs and to over-education. Data are drawn from the West German Life History Study (GLHS). Results from Kaplan-Meier estimators and hazard regression models show that non-recipients of unemployment benefits indeed have a shorter unemployment duration, but that they also have significantly higher rates of transition to over-education than recipients of unemployment benefits. On the other hand, the receipt of unemployment benefits does not influence the transition to qualified jobs, which seems to be influenced more by labour demand. It is therefore important to bear in mind that reforming the unemployment compensation system by reducing unemployment benefits will not only shorten the average unemployment duration, but also increase the incidence of over-education and consequently reduce the overall job match quality in the labour market. Copyright © 2005 Scandinavian Sociological Association and SAGE.
The high unemployment figures in many European countries are often attributed to overgenerous unemployment benefits. However, proponents of benefit cuts tend not to recognize that unemployment benefits also facilitate longer job searches and, as a result, ultimately improve job matches. In this arti …

Integrating occupational safety and health information into vocational and technical education and other workforce preparation programs

Review Open Access
The high rates of injury among young workers are a pressing public health issue, especially given the demand of the job market for new workers. Young and new workers experience the highest rates of occupational injuries of any age group. Incorporating occupational safety and health (OSH) information into the more than 20000 vocational and other workforce preparation programs in the United States might provide a mechanism for reducing work-related injuries and illnesses among young and new workers. We assessed the status of including OSH information or training in workforce preparation programs and found there is an inconsistent emphasis on OSH information.
The high rates of injury among young workers are a pressing public health issue, especially given the demand of the job market for new workers. Young and new workers experience the highest rates of occupational injuries of any age group. Incorporating occupational safety and health (OSH) information …

ACRRM: The power behind vertical integration

Note
[No abstract available]
[No abstract available]

The management of innovation and technology: The shaping of technology and institutions of the market economy

Book
This book analyzes a range of social contexts in which human decisions shape technology in the market economy. It comprises a critical review of both a select research literature and in-depth historical studies. Material is drawn from many social science disciplines to inform the reader of the reality of taking decisions on innovation. © John Howells 2005.
This book analyzes a range of social contexts in which human decisions shape technology in the market economy. It comprises a critical review of both a select research literature and in-depth historical studies. Material is drawn from many social science discipl …

Competency-based education and assessment, the route to competent healthcare professionals

Short survey
[No abstract available]
[No abstract available]

Family medicine in South Africa: Where are we now and where do we want to be?

Review Open Access
Objectives: This paper outlines the development of family medicine in South Africa with special reference to the process leading to the recognition of this discipline as a medical specialty. It also examines the constraints under which the discipline has had to function, considers where the discipline should be, seeks to identify the barriers to its further development and suggests ways in which to overcome these. Methods: A short review was carried out of the available South African literature to record the advancement of the discipline and the international literature was searched for articles supporting this direction. Results: The situation in South Africa is complicated by the existence of many doctor groupings claiming to represent the generalist and the perception that family medicine only addresses the needs of middle-class citizens. A flawed consultative process leading up to the present stage has contributed to this perception. Conclusions: The available literature supports the establishment of family medicine as a speciality. Developments in South Africa, such as raising the status of Family Medicine and creating a compulsory rotation through family medicine as an extended internship and the creation of registrar posts in family medicine will advance the discipline in a positive manner, whilst possibly attempting to resolve the medical migration issues that are presently destroying Sub-Saharan Africa's health services.
Objectives: This paper outlines the development of family medicine in South Africa with special reference to the process leading to the recognition of this discipline as a medical specialty. It also examines the constraints under which the discipline has had to function, considers where the discipli …

What makes a lifelong learner?

Review
This article uses the reports from 1,001 home-based interviews, with adults living in the United Kingdom, to describe their varying patterns of participation in lifelong, learning. It finds that 37% of all adults report no further education or training of any kind after reaching compulsory school-leaving age. This proportion declines in each age cohort but is largely replaced by a pattern of lengthening initial education and still reporting no further education or training of any kind after leaving. The actual patterns of participation are predictable to a large extent from regression analysis using a life order model of determining variables. The key variables are age, ethnicity, sex, family background, and initial schooling, all of which are set very early in life. This suggests that universal theories to describe participation, such as simple human capital theory, are incorrect in several respects. Where individuals create, for themselves and through their early experiences, a "learner identity" inimical to further study, then the prospect of learning can become a burden rather than an investment. This has implications for the notion of overcoming barriers to access, such as those involving technology. Copyright © by Teachers College, Columbia University.
This article uses the reports from 1,001 home-based interviews, with adults living in the United Kingdom, to describe their varying patterns of participation in lifelong, learning. It finds that 37% of all adults report no further education or training of any kind after reaching compulsory school-le …

The South Central Center for Public Health Preparedness training system model: A comprehensive approach

Article
The South Central Center for Public Health Preparedness (SCCPHP) is a collaboration among the schools of public health at Tulane University and the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the state health departments in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The SCCPHP provides competency-based training via distant delivery methods to prepare public health workers to plan for and rapidly respond to public health threats and emergency events. This article presents the training system model used by the SCCPHP to assess, design, develop, implement, and evaluate training that is both competency driven and practice based. The SCCPHP training system model ensures a standardized process is used across public health occupations and geographic regions, while allowing for tailoring of the content to meet the specific training needs of the workforce in the respective state and local health departments. Further, the SCCPHP training system model provides evidence of the reciprocal nature between research and practice needed to advance the area of emergency preparedness training and workforce development initiatives in public health. ©2005 Association of Schools of Public Health.
The South Central Center for Public Health Preparedness (SCCPHP) is a collaboration among the schools of public health at Tulane University and the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the state health departments in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The SCCPHP provides competency-ba …

A civic engagement paradigm for reforming health administration education and recreating the community.

Article
The education of students of health administration has traditionally combined both the theoretical and practical to enhance and balance the learning experience. Classroom exposure to the principles of management, law, organizations, and finance is coupled with problem solving, practicum, internship, and administrative residency experiences. However, just as recent years have seen the developmentof courses from managed care and alternative delivery systems to total quality management and continuous quality improvement, there is also emerging an awareness of the need to enhance the practical side of the learning equation. Perhaps this need is finding expression in curricular opportunities for students to learn from a participatory model known as civic engagement (CE). CE is a way of integrating academic study and community service to strengthen learning while promoting civic and personal responsibility to strengthen communities. Based on experiences with graduate and undergraduate students spanning the last ten years at Texas State University--San Marcos (Texas State), it is suggested that a CE paradigm has been developed within the Department of Health Administration that merits consideration by other programs of health administration. As a model for change, it has the potential for reforming both health administration education and most other higher education disciplines as well.
The education of students of health administration has traditionally combined both the theoretical and practical to enhance and balance the learning experience. Classroom exposure to the principles of management, law, organizations, and finance is coupled with problem solving, practicum, internship, …